diff --git a/visual_workflow_builder/backend/services/intelligent_executor.py b/visual_workflow_builder/backend/services/intelligent_executor.py
index fc0d73841..fe1d54911 100644
--- a/visual_workflow_builder/backend/services/intelligent_executor.py
+++ b/visual_workflow_builder/backend/services/intelligent_executor.py
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ class IntelligentExecutor:
         # VWB workflows manuels : l'ancre peut être loin de la position d'origine
         # (résolution différente, écran différent, fenêtre déplacée)
         MAX_DISTANCE_PX = 500      # Tolérance large pour VWB cross-résolution
-        MIN_CLIP_SCORE = 0.50      # Score CLIP minimum (0.50 = ressemblance basique)
-        MIN_COMBINED_SCORE = 0.45  # Score combiné minimum pour accepter un match
+        MIN_CLIP_SCORE = 0.40      # Score CLIP minimum (baissé pour icônes génériques)
+        MIN_COMBINED_SCORE = 0.20  # Score combiné minimum (baissé pour cross-résolution)
 
         try:
             # Essayer d'importer et utiliser CLIP
@@ -652,6 +652,17 @@ def zoned_template_match(
     }
 
 
+_cached_executor: Optional['IntelligentExecutor'] = None
+
+
+def _get_executor(detection_threshold: float = 0.35) -> 'IntelligentExecutor':
+    """Singleton IntelligentExecutor — modèles chargés une seule fois."""
+    global _cached_executor
+    if _cached_executor is None:
+        _cached_executor = IntelligentExecutor(detection_threshold=detection_threshold)
+    return _cached_executor
+
+
 def find_and_click(
     anchor_image_base64: str,
     anchor_bbox: Optional[Dict[str, int]] = None,
@@ -703,7 +714,7 @@ def find_and_click(
         if method == 'clip':
             print("🧠 [Vision] Essai UI-DETR-1 + CLIP (matching sémantique)...")
             try:
-                executor = IntelligentExecutor(detection_threshold=detection_threshold)
+                executor = _get_executor(detection_threshold)
                 clip_result = executor.find_anchor_in_screen(
                     screen_image=screen_image,
                     anchor_image=anchor_image,